Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder affecting millions of women worldwide. It’s characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, excess androgen (male hormone) levels, and the presence of multiple small cysts on the ovaries.

Symptoms of PCOS

• Irregular periods: Missed or infrequent periods
• Excess hair growth: On the face, chest, or back
• Acne
• Weight gain, especially around the middle
• Thinning hair or hair loss
• Pelvic pain or pressure
• Infertility

Causes of PCOS

The exact cause of PCOS is unknown, but it’s believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, and inflammation are thought to¹ play a role.

Complications of PCOS

If left untreated, PCOS can lead to several health problems, including:

• Type 2 Diabetes: Insulin resistance is a common feature of PCOS, increasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
• Heart Disease: High levels of insulin and other factors associated with PCOS can increase the risk of heart disease.
• Metabolic Syndrome: A cluster of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.
• Infertility: PCOS can interfere with ovulation, making it difficult to conceive.
• Endometrial Cancer: Unopposed estrogen exposure from irregular periods can increase the risk of endometrial cancer.

Managing PCOS

While there’s no cure for PCOS, treatment can help manage symptoms and reduce the risk of complications. Treatment options may include:

• Lifestyle Changes:
  • Weight loss: Losing even a small amount of weight can improve symptoms.
  • Healthy diet: A balanced diet low in processed foods and sugary drinks.
  • Regular exercise: Regular physical activity can help regulate hormones and improve insulin sensitivity.
• Medications:
  • Birth control pills: To regulate menstrual cycles and reduce androgen levels.
  • Metformin: To improve insulin sensitivity.
  • Anti-androgen medications: To reduce excess androgen levels.
• Fertility Treatment: For women with infertility, fertility treatments like in vitro fertilization (IVF) may be considered.

If you’re experiencing symptoms of PCOS, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment. Early intervention can help manage the condition and reduce the risk of long-term complications.