Pneumonia A Lung Infection
Pneumonia is a lung infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus, causing coughing, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing.1
Types of Pneumonia
- Bacterial Pneumonia: Caused by bacteria, often Streptococcus pneumoniae.
- Viral Pneumonia: Caused by viruses, such as influenza or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
- Fungal Pneumonia: Less common, caused by fungi, often affecting people with weakened immune systems.
Symptoms of Pneumonia
- Cough: Often producing mucus (phlegm)
- Fever, chills, and sweating
- Shortness of breath
- Chest pain, especially when coughing or breathing deeply
- Fatigue
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea
Risk Factors for Pneumonia
- Age: Older adults and young children are more susceptible.
- Weakened Immune System: Conditions like HIV/AIDS or cancer can increase the risk.
- Chronic Lung Diseases: Conditions like COPD or asthma.
- Smoking: Smoking damages the lungs and weakens the immune system.
- Exposure to Irritants: Exposure to air pollution or workplace irritants.
Prevention
- Vaccination: Get vaccinated against pneumonia and influenza, especially if you are at high risk.
- Healthy Lifestyle: Eat a balanced diet, exercise regularly, and get enough sleep.
- Hand Hygiene: Wash your hands frequently with soap and water.
- Avoid Exposure to Irritants: Limit exposure to smoke, pollution, and other irritants.
Treatment
Treatment for pneumonia depends on the type of infection and the severity of symptoms. It may include:
- Antibiotics: For bacterial pneumonia.
- Antiviral Medications: For viral pneumonia.
- Rest: To allow the body to recover.
- Over-the-counter Medications: To relieve fever and pain.
- In Severe Cases: Hospitalization for oxygen therapy, intravenous fluids, or other treatments.
If you experience symptoms of pneumonia, it’s important to seek medical attention promptly. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and ensure a full recovery.